Since the beginning of the inventor Rudolf Diesel introduced the diesel engine is a diesel engine fueled peanut oil. He demonstrated the machine at the World’s Exhibition in Paris, 1900. During its development, diesel fuel from petroleum derivatives more widely used.
With the cheap price and adequate performance, fuel from oil of choice for many years. However, dependence on imports and domestic production capacity is not able to meet the need demands the development of alternative fuels that are cheaper and available in nature.
Biodiesel has been reborn and began to expand its use in various countries. Consciousness that was emerging in some developing countries since the financial crisis and the increasing fuel imports.
Technically, biodiesel has better performance than diesel. Biodiesel blended diesel fuel that provides higher cetane number to 64. In comparison, regular diesel fuel cetane numbers gives 48. The higher the cetane number the more secure the dump gas emissions.
Use of biodiesel also does not require engine modifications, serves as a lubricant as well as cleaning the injectors, and can reduce carbon dioxide emissions, harmful particulates, and sulfur oxides.
Biodiesel or methyl ester derived from methanolisis process oils / fats, using trans-esterification reaction or esterification with alkaline or acid catalyst and methanol. The results of washing and drying produce biodiesel that is ready to use. From 1 kilogram of raw materials could produce at least 1 liter of biodiesel. Distillation wastes being produced glycerol and methanol that can be reused. Although only about 10 percent, glycerol into valuable byproduct that is also economical.
CPO addition there are still more than 40 types of vegetable oils as a potential biodiesel feedstock in some tropical countries, such as castor oil, coconut oil, soybean oil, and oil cured. Although it does not produce oil for palm oil, biodiesel can adjust the potential development of a local nature.
In addition to the source of abundant and renewable raw materials, production costs are cheaper.